حول
These authors have investigated a possible association between levels of testosterone and markers of inflammation. Third, increased abdominal obesity may cause reduced testosterone secretion by negatively affecting the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐testicular axis. On the other hand, given that adipose tissue has a higher concentration of the enzyme aromatase, it could be that increased adipose tissue results in more testosterone being converted to estrogen, thereby causing hypogonadism. Corona et al demonstrated in their meta‐analysis that testosterone replacement therapy resulted in a decrease of 2.19% in fat mass.26 This discovery was confirmed in animal models as well.74High testosterone can have several potential symptoms. However, men who are on testosterone blockers, such as those with prostate cancer, also experience rises in cholesterol. Testosterone can have a significant role in many parts of your body, including your heart. Moreover, there must be further investigation into mechanisms of action of testosterone. The opposite directional relationship has also been suggested, such that adiposity may decrease testosterone production.
Cumulative incidence did not differ between the 2 groups.47 These studies led the American Health Association, the American Cancer Society, and the American Urological Association48 to issue a joint statement in 2010, declaring it to be "appropriate to state that there may be a relation between ADT and cardiovascular risk." Soon after, the FDA also mandated the addition of warnings of increased risk of diabetes and CVD as a result of GnRH agonist use in men with prostate cancer.49 The effects of the artificial lowering of testosterone levels by ADT on an individual's overall health has also been studied extensively. Adequately powered randomized clinical trials designed to assess cardiovascular events are required to definitively determine the effect of testosterone therapy on cardiovascular risk. In contrast to these studies, others have reported a protective effect of testosterone therapy on cardiovascular health. In men aged 28 Further supporting these results, the Testosterone Trials (TTrials) found a statistically significant 1-year increase in noncalcified plaque volume (estimated difference 41 mm3 95% CI 14 to 67 mm3) in hypogonadal elderly men receiving testosterone therapy, compared to the placebo group.29 No statistically significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups in the number of cardiovascular events or the calcified plaque progression.29 However, the authors indicated that the data may have been influenced by publication bias.19 A meta-analysis by Araujo et al.20 also found an association between testosterone and overall mortality; however, significant heterogeneity between studies suggested that the effects may have been driven by cohort differences.
Low testosterone can also develop with age, even without a clear medical condition. The pituitary gland and hypothalamus control how much testosterone the body makes. It can happen due to injury, infection, genetic problems like Klinefelter syndrome, or damage from cancer treatments like radiation or chemotherapy.
Testosterone can be converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or 17β-estradiol (E2). In addition to summarizing clinical and preclinical data, this review provides insight on potential mechanisms of action of testosterone on CVD, applications of this knowledge to clinical settings, and avenues for future research. Similar advisories have been mandated for certain types of androgen deprivation therapy.
These lifestyle steps not only protect the heart but also help improve how testosterone therapy works. Before beginning testosterone therapy, healthcare providers often recommend a full health check. Regular checkups and open communication with a doctor are important parts of staying healthy during testosterone therapy. Before starting TRT, doctors often check heart health through a physical exam, blood pressure readings, and sometimes an electrocardiogram (ECG). Not every increase in heart rate is dangerous, but certain symptoms are warning signs. TRT may slightly increase resting heart rate in some men. Some people, like athletes, may have lower heart rates and still be healthy.
Despite a lack of adequately powered randomized controlled trials, large observational studies in the early 2010s led to advisories on the use of testosterone replacement therapy. Observational and randomized studies on the effects of endogenous and exogenous testosterone have produced conflicting data, and meta-analyses have been inconclusive, suggesting significant study heterogeneity. Although these parameters did not reach the values observed in healthy men, the therapy may reduce cardiovascular risk in men with MS and TDS. Exploring Natural Ways to Enhance Heart Health Alongside TRT Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is commonly used to address low testosterone levels in...
